解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Rod and cone photoreceptors are highly similar in many respects but they have important functional and molecular differences. Here, we investigate genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility in mouse rods and cones and correlate differences in these features with gene expression, histone marks,...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11613
更新日期:2016-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::In animal-based biomedical research, both the sex and the age of the animals studied affect disease phenotypes by modifying their susceptibility, presentation and response to treatment. The accurate reporting of experimental methods and materials, including the sex and age of animals, is essential so that other resear...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.13615
更新日期:2016-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology seeks to address growing concerns about reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of selected experiments from a number of high-profile papers in the field of cancer biology. The papers, which were published between 2010 and 2012, were selected on the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12470
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asymmetric disassembly of the synaptonemal complex (SC) is crucial for proper meiotic chromosome segregation. However, the signaling mechanisms that directly regulate this process are poorly understood. Here we show that the mammalian Rho GEF homolog, ECT-2, functions through the conserved RAS/ERK MAP kinase signaling...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12039
更新日期:2016-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::A polymorphism in the autophagy gene Atg16l1 is associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, it remains unclear how autophagy contributes to intestinal immune homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate that autophagy is essential for maintenance of balanced CD4(+) T cell responses in the intesti...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12444
更新日期:2016-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Wnt plays important role during development and in various diseases. Because Wnts are lipidated and highly hydrophobic, they can only be purified in the presence of detergents, limiting their use in various in vitro and in vivo assays. We purified N-terminally tagged recombinant Wnt3a secreted from cells and accidenta...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11621
更新日期:2016-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Whether somatic mutations contribute functional diversity to brain cells is a long-standing question. Single-neuron genomics enables direct measurement of somatic mutation rates in human brain and promises to answer this question. A recent study (Upton et al., 2015) reported high rates of somatic LINE-1 element (L1) r...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12966
更新日期:2016-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage activation/polarization to distinct functional states is critically supported by metabolic shifts. How polarizing signals coordinate metabolic and functional reprogramming, and the potential implications for control of macrophage activation, remains poorly understood. Here we show that IL-4 signaling co-opt...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11612
更新日期:2016-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid and flexible interpretation of conflicting sensory inputs in the context of current goals is a critical component of cognitive control that is orchestrated by frontal cortex. The relative roles of distinct subregions within frontal cortex are poorly understood. To examine the dynamics underlying cognitive contro...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12352
更新日期:2016-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Bitter compounds elicit an aversive response. In Drosophila, bitter-sensitive taste neurons coexpress many members of the Gr family of taste receptors. However, the molecular logic of bitter signaling is unknown. We used an in vivo expression approach to analyze the logic of bitter taste signaling. Ectopic or overexpr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11181
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Using a common analysis pipeline to compare data from three major lineages of complex eukaryotes reveals that transcription seems to evolve at a common rate. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.14150
更新日期:2016-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::Many organisms lose the capacity to regenerate damaged tissues as they mature. Damaged Drosophila imaginal discs regenerate efficiently early in the third larval instar (L3) but progressively lose this ability. This correlates with reduced damage-responsive expression of multiple genes, including the WNT genes wingles...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11588
更新日期:2016-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Neoangiogenesis is a pivotal therapeutic target in glioblastoma. Tumor monitoring requires imaging methods to assess treatment effects and disease progression. Until now mapping of the tumor vasculature has been difficult. We have developed a combined magnetic resonance and optical toolkit to study neoangiogenesis in ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11712
更新日期:2016-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription at individual genes in single cells is often pulsatile and stochastic. A key question emerges regarding how this behaviour contributes to tissue phenotype, but it has been a challenge to quantitatively analyse this in living cells over time, as opposed to studying snap-shots of gene expression state. We ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08494
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decisions are accompanied by a degree of confidence that a selected option is correct. A sequential sampling framework explains the speed and accuracy of decisions and extends naturally to the confidence that the decision rendered is likely to be correct. However, discrepancies between confidence and accuracy suggest ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12192
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike passive rupture of the human chorioamnion at birth, the insect extraembryonic (EE) tissues - the amnion and serosa - actively rupture and withdraw in late embryogenesis. Withdrawal is essential for development and has been a morphogenetic puzzle. Here, we use new fluorescent transgenic lines in the beetle Tribo...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.13834
更新日期:2016-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to host defence and tissue repair but can induce immunopathology. Recent work has revealed tissue-specific roles for ILCs; however, the question of how a small population has large effects on immune homeostasis remains unclear. We identify two mechanisms that ILC3s utilise to ex...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10066
更新日期:2016-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::The design of synthetic optogenetic tools that allow precise spatiotemporal control of biological processes previously inaccessible to optogenetic control has developed rapidly over the last years. Rational design of such tools requires detailed knowledge of allosteric light signaling in natural photoreceptors. To und...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11860
更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Glutaminase (GLS) isoenzymes GLS1 and GLS2 are key enzymes for glutamine metabolism. Interestingly, GLS1 and GLS2 display contrasting functions in tumorigenesis with elusive mechanism; GLS1 promotes tumorigenesis, whereas GLS2 exhibits a tumor-suppressive function. In this study, we found that GLS2 but not GLS1 binds ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10727
更新日期:2016-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal oscillations are dynamic, with unique oscillatory frequencies present during different behavioral states. To examine the extent to which these oscillations reflect neuron engagement in distinct local circuit processes that are important for memory, we recorded single cell and local field potential activity...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09849
更新日期:2016-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::The neuronal DNA-/RNA-binding protein Pur-alpha is a transcription regulator and core factor for mRNA localization. Pur-alpha-deficient mice die after birth with pleiotropic neuronal defects. Here, we report the crystal structure of the DNA-/RNA-binding domain of Pur-alpha in complex with ssDNA. It reveals base-specif...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11297
更新日期:2016-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Eliminating malaria from a defined region involves draining the endemic parasite reservoir and minimizing local malaria transmission around imported malaria infections . In the last phases of malaria elimination, as universal interventions reap diminishing marginal returns, national resources must become increasingly ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09520
更新日期:2015-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::Animals seek out relevant information by moving through a dynamic world, but sensory systems are usually studied under highly constrained and passive conditions that may not probe important dimensions of the neural code. Here, we explored neural coding in the barrel cortex of head-fixed mice that tracked walls with th...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12559
更新日期:2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms of the neural circuits that guide mating decisions in male flies are becoming clearer. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.13093
更新日期:2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::We present a reanalysis of the stochastic model of organelle production and show that the equilibrium distributions for the organelle numbers predicted by this model can be readily calculated in three different scenarios. These three distributions can be identified as standard distributions, and the corresponding exac...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10167
更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Holliday junctions (HJs) are key DNA intermediates in homologous recombination. They link homologous DNA strands and have to be faithfully removed for proper DNA segregation and genome integrity. Here, we present the crystal structure of human HJ resolvase GEN1 complexed with DNA at 3.0 Å resolution. The GEN1 core is ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12256
更新日期:2015-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Uromodulin is the most abundant protein in the urine. It is exclusively produced by renal epithelial cells and it plays key roles in kidney function and disease. Uromodulin mainly exerts its function as an extracellular matrix whose assembly depends on a conserved, specific proteolytic cleavage leading to conformation...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.08887
更新日期:2015-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::A temperature-sensitive receptor prevents mosquitoes from being attracted to targets that are hotter than a potential host. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.12838
更新日期:2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Many microbial populations rapidly adapt to changing environments with multiple variants competing for survival. To quantify such complex evolutionary dynamics in vivo, time resolved and genome wide data including rare variants are essential. We performed whole-genome deep sequencing of HIV-1 populations in 9 untreate...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11282
更新日期:2015-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::SUMO-modification of nuclear proteins has profound effects on gene expression. However, non-toxic chemical tools that modulate sumoylation in cells are lacking. Here, to identify small molecule sumoylation inhibitors we developed a cell-based screen that focused on the well-sumoylated substrate, human Liver Receptor H...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09003
更新日期:2015-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The application of current channelrhodopsin-based optogenetic tools is limited by the lack of strict ion selectivity and the inability to extend the spectra sensitivity into the near-infrared (NIR) tissue transmissible range. Here we present an NIR-stimulable optogenetic platform (termed 'Opto-CRAC') that selectively ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10024
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans possesses a simple embryonic nervous system with few enough neurons that the growth of each cell could be followed to provide a systems-level view of development. However, studies of single cell development have largely been conducted in fixed or pre-twitching live embryos, because ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10070
更新日期:2015-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate new functions of sphingosine (Sph), we demonstrate that the spontaneous elevation of intracellular Sph levels via caged Sph leads to a significant and transient calcium release from acidic stores that is independent of sphingosine 1-phosphate, extracellular and ER calcium levels. This photo-induced Sph-dr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10616
更新日期:2015-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::While the dynamin GTPase Drp1 plays a critical role during mitochondrial fission, mechanisms controlling its recruitment to fission sites are unclear. A current assumption is that cytosolic Drp1 is recruited directly to fission sites immediately prior to fission. Using live-cell microscopy, we find evidence for a diff...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11553
更新日期:2015-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-initiating stem cells (SCs) exhibit distinct patterns of transcription factors and gene expression compared to healthy counterparts. Here, we show that dramatic shifts in large open-chromatin domain (super-enhancer) landscapes underlie these differences and reflect tumor microenvironment. By in vivo super-enhanc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10870
更新日期:2015-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cohesin tethers together regions of DNA, thereby mediating higher order chromatin organization that is critical for sister chromatid cohesion, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. Cohesin contains a heterodimeric ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) ATPase comprised of Smc1 and Smc3 ATPase active sites. These ATPases are ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.11315
更新日期:2015-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Overproduction of immunoglobulin light chains leads to systemic amyloidosis, a lethal disease characterized by the formation of amyloid fibrils in patients' tissues. Excess light chains are in equilibrium between dimers and less stable monomers which can undergo irreversible aggregation to the amyloid state. The dimer...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10935
更新日期:2015-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant expression of cancer genes and non-canonical RNA species is a hallmark of cancer. However, the mechanisms driving such atypical gene expression programs are incompletely understood. Here, our transcriptional profiling of a cohort of 50 primary clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples from The Cancer Ge...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.09214
更新日期:2015-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Axolotls are uniquely able to mobilize neural stem cells to regenerate all missing regions of the spinal cord. How a neural stem cell under homeostasis converts after injury to a highly regenerative cell remains unknown. Here, we show that during regeneration, axolotl neural stem cells repress neurogenic genes and rea...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10230
更新日期:2015-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Two mammalian genes, Kcnt1 and Kcnt2, encode pore-forming subunits of Na(+)-dependent K(+) (KNa) channels. Progress in understanding KNa channels has been hampered by the absence of specific tools and methods for rigorous KNa identification in native cells. Here, we report the genetic disruption of both Kcnt1 and Kcnt...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.10013
更新日期:2015-11-11 00:00:00